2nd PUC Geography Question Bank Chapter 11 Transport, Communication and Trade

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Students can Download 2nd PUC Geography Chapter 11 Transport, Communication and Trade Questions and Answers, Notes Pdf, 2nd PUC Geography Question Bank with Answers helps you to revise the complete Karnataka State Board Syllabus and to clear all their doubts, score well in final exams.

Karnataka 2nd PUC Geography Question Bank Chapter 11 Transport, Communication and Trade

2nd PUC Geography Transport, Communication and Trade Text Book Questions and Answers

I. Answer the following in a word or a sentence each.

Question 1.
What is transportation?
Answer:
Movement of people and goods from one place to another is called transportation.

2nd PUC Geography Question Bank Chapter 11 Transport, Communication and Trade

Question 2.
What do you mean by communication?
Answer:
The transmission of words, messages and ideals from one person to another is called communication.

Question 3.
Which road is at highest altitude in the world?
Answer:
The world’s highest road is from Manali in Himachal pradesh to leh in Kashmir. It is at an altitude of 4,270 mtrs.

Question 4.
What is Trade?
Answer:
Buying and selling of goods and services is called trade.

Question 5.
What is Radio?
Answer:
Radio is an important means of communication radio is more powerful than the press because it giver immediate information throughout the world without loss of time. Radio broadcasting was started in India in the Early 1920’s.

Question 6.
What is Television?
Answer:
An electric device that recieves television signals and displace them on the screen. It combines aspects of print and radio with the clarity. It is both audio and visual.

Question 7.
Define port.
Answer:
Port is a place where loading and unloading of goods take place. The port is well connected by roads and railways.

2nd PUC Geography Question Bank Chapter 11 Transport, Communication and Trade

Question 8.
On which river bank Kolkata Port is located?
Answer:
Kokata port is located on Hoogly river.

Question 9.
Name the satellite launched in November 2013.
Answer:
The satalite IRSP-2 is the satalite launched in november 2013.

Question 10.
Which is the headquarter of central railway?
Answer:
Mumbai [CST] is the headquarters of Central Railway.

II. Answer the following in 2 to 3 sentences each.

Question 1.
Mention the 3 important railway gauges?
Answer:
The important Railway Gauges are:

  1. Broad-Guage.
  2. Metre-Guage
  3. Narrow – Guage.

Question 2.
Mention any 4 Railway Zones with their headquarters?
Answer:
The four Railway zones with their head querters are:

  1. Southern Railway-Chennai
  2. Eastern Railway-Kolkata
  3. Northern Railway-New Delhi
  4. South central Railway-Secunderabad.

Question 3.
Mention the advantages of radio?
Answer:

  1. Radio reaches both to the literate and illiterate as well as to people of all ages
  2. The messages advertisement can be repeated again and again repeatedly.
  3. It creates awakening among the people about the world.
  4. It provides educated values.
  5. Radio advertising is relatively inexpensive compared with print or Television advertising.
  6. The production costs are lower.
  7. Radio is the only mass media that people use while, driving, cleaning, moving, etc.

2nd PUC Geography Question Bank Chapter 11 Transport, Communication and Trade

Question 4.
Mention the main advantages of television?
Answer:
The main advantages of television are:

  1. It is the most effective medium to deliver information to large number of people very quickly.
  2. News in different part of the world can be seen within minutes or even seconds.
  3. Television educates millions of people through advertisement.
  4. It is a source of entertainment.
  5. It makes a personal appeal and transmits the message directly in to the home.
  6. It exhibits the persons giving the message.

Question 5.
State the two types of waterways.
Answer:
The 2 types of waterways are:

  1. Inland water transport.
  2. Ocean transport.

1. Inland water transport:
Transporting of goods and passenger through rivers and canals by means of small boats and steamers is called In Land water transport.

2. Ocean transport:
India’s location is favourable for ocean waterways about 85% of our foreign trade is carried out by ships. Liners transport goods and passengers through specific routes. Tramps carry goods and tankers carry liquid fuel like petrol.

Question 6.
Differentiate between internal and international airports of India?
Answer:
Internal Airports provides services for passengers, cargo, and mail with in the country. The International Airports are located along international air routes are all the foreign airlines they are well equipped in accordance with the international standard.

Question 7.
Differentiate between export and imports of India.
Answer:

  1. Export of India: It refers to the sale of goods and services by India to other country’s of the world. India is earning sufficient foreign exchange from it’s export.
  2. Imports of India: Inport trade of India refers to buying of goods from foreign country’s and bringing them to home country

2nd PUC Geography Question Bank Chapter 11 Transport, Communication and Trade

Question 8.
Mention the four important types of roads in India?
Answer:
The 4 important types of roads in India are:

  1. National Highway.
  2. State Highway.
  3. District Roads.
  4. Village Roads.

Question 9.
State the significance of Air Transport in lndia?
Answer:
Air transport is a recent development it is the transportation o f goods and passenger by means of Aeroplanes and Helicoptors it is an efficient means for speedy transport of people, mail, and goods it is the costliest, fastest means of to transport, it is also a convenient means of transport accross the water bodies and useful during natural calamities.

Question 10.
Write a short note on mission Mangalyaan.
Answer:
The mars orbiter mission (MOM) is informally called Mangalyaan. Sanskrit for (Mars-craft) is a mars orbiter launched into earth orbit an 5th Nov 2013 by the ISRO.

III. Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
Explain the National Highways of india.
Answer:
The National Highways are regarded as the main arteries which run through the length and breadth of the country. The National highway connects the capitals of the state, Industrial centres and major ports. They are with two-lane four-lane and six-lane roads. National Highway are constructed and maintained by central Govt, and National Highway Authority of India [NHAI], There are 235 National Highways in the country the National Highways consists

  1. The Golden Quadrilateral.
  2. The North-South and East-West corridors.
  3. Port connectivity and other projects.

2nd PUC Geography Question Bank Chapter 11 Transport, Communication and Trade

Question 2.
Explain the development of Railways in India.
Answer:
Railways are the most important means of land transport in India. Indian railway system is the largest in Asia and the 5th largest in the world.

  1. The 1st Railway line in India was from Bombay-Thane in 1853.
  2. The 2nd Railway line is from Madras to Arokonam in 1856.
  3. The Railway line from Kolkata-Raniganj in 1874.

The main purpose was to serve the interest of the british and to carry goods, food grains and fodder during famine. Due to five year plan the Indian Railway has recorded spectacular progress there were 43 steam, 4963 Diesel and 3586 electric locomotive, 55,065 coaches and 2,11,763 wagons.

All the Rail operations are managed by ministry of Indian Railways, Indian railway is the 4th largest Railway network in the world. The network operates 28 states and 3 union territories.

Question 3.
Explain pipeline transport with advantages and disadvantages.
Answer:
Pipeline transport is used for transporting materials in liquid form it is most convenient, effientient and cheap mode of transport for transporting products like curde iol, gas, water and milk.
The advantages of pipeline transport are:

  1. Pipeline can be laid through difficult terrain and also through water.
  2. The initial cost of laying the pipelines is high but the subsequent cost of maintenance and operation is low.
  3. Pipelines ensure a steady supply and minimize trans-shipment losses and delays.
  4. Pipeline operation involves verylow consumption of energy and keeps the environment free from pollution.
  5. Pipeline regions unite industrial regions.

Disadvantages:

  1. The capacity of pipeline cannot be increased once they are laid.
  2. The security of pipelines in certain areas and the detection of leakage are difficult.
  3. The construction of pipelines are expensive.

Question 4.
Explain any two major ports of west coast of India.
Answer:
Mumbai Port:
Mumbai is the biggest most spacious, natural, well sheltered port of Maharastra state. It is situated towards the eastern side of mumbain Island the length of this port is 20 kms and width is 6-10 kms. this port has be come India’s largest oil terminal it has hinterland good network of Road ways.

Railways, connecting port with the hinterland. Food grains, crude oil, machinery, chemicals fertilizers, are imported through this port and cotton textiles, oil seeds, hides and skins are exported through this port.

Kochi:
It is a natural harbour located on western coast of India it’s hinterland are kerala and Tamilnadu it is served by well network of transport routes. Tea, coffee, rubber, rice, Fish products and species are exported through this port, petrol, wheat, cotton, coal, Iron and steel, Baxiute, fertilizers and Lime are imported through this port.

2nd PUC Geography Question Bank Chapter 11 Transport, Communication and Trade

Question 5.
Explain the air transportation of India.
Answer:
Air transport is one of the mode of transport it is the quickest and costliest transport it is essential in times of peace and emergencies in the region where surface travel is made difficult by mountainous terrian, turbulent rivers, frequent floods, and dense forest, Air transport provides convenient and economical transport it is usefiil during natural calamities.

The 1st air travelling facility was started in India in 1946 between Bangalore and Hyderabad by Deccan Airways In 1996 Bangalore Airport was declared as IntemationalAirport.
There are two corporations of Air transport:
1. The Indian Airlines corporation Co-operate Internal Airroutes:
It carries passangers cargo, mail, This was established in 1985. The Indian AirLines corporation has 70 Aircrafts. It connects all the important places and neighbouring countries of India.

2. The Air India:
Air India International to oparate external routes. It was established in 1953. It operates both domestic and International it has 22 Aircrafts. It is also providing helieoptor services to the petroleum sector. It provide services in the hillyregiongs.lt is one of the Aisia’s Largest helieoptor operators. There are 4 catagories ofAirports in India.

  • International Airports.
  • Major Airports.
  • Intermediate Airports.

3. Minor Airports:
There are 141 airports among them 28 international Airport 88 Domestic airport and 25 defence Airfields Airports are managed by the Airport authority of India it was established in 1985. It provides safe and efficient air traffic services. At present there are 16 International Airports. Major Aerodrones are located in state capitals some of the Important Airports are:

  • Mumbai – Sahara Airport
  • Delhi-Indira Gandhi international
  • Kolkata – subhas chandra Bose.
  • Chennai – Anna Airport.
  • Bangalore – Kempegowda International Airport.
  • Hyderabad – Rajiv Gandhi International Airport.

2nd PUC Geography Question Bank Chapter 11 Transport, Communication and Trade

Question 6.
Briefly explain, the importance of Satellite communication.
Answer:
Satellite communication is important to us in many ways.

  1. They provide us with radio and cable television.
  2. They allow us to make cellular phone calls from long distances.
  3. They provide us with a global positioning system
  4. They circle the earth and relay weather conditions and forecasts.
  5. The government uses them to spy on other countries in order to protect us.
  6. They are used for space research which includes solar satellites which observe the sun and provide us with early warnings of upcoming solar flakes. This solar flakes knock out various satellite communication like which allow us to use our credit cards and to use beepers.
  7. Satellite monitors crops.

Question 7.
What do you mean by Satellite?
Answer:
The important development of the 20th century is the artificial satellite. Satellite play a vital role in the field of communication. the 1st communication satellite was launched in 1962. There are a number of communication satellites owned by both Govt, and private.

The satellites accept data signals, transmitted from an earth station, amplify them and re-transmit them to another earth station Artifical satellite has marked new era in the history of global telecommunication. Radio and television networking over India are done through satellite technology, so it is called as “Space Age communication Technique”.

  1. The worlds 1st artificial satellite SPUTNIK-I was launched by the soviet union in 1957.
  2. The INSAT-IIB was launched in 1993
  3. The last ofthe INSAT-ID series recently.

India has lanuched a satellite IRSP-2. The satellite constuction and launching is carried by Indian space Research Organisation [ISRO]. ISRO centre is at Bangalore. The satellite launching centres at Sriharikota in A.R Satellite controlling master centre is near Hassan in Karnataka.

2nd PUC Geography Question Bank Chapter 11 Transport, Communication and Trade

Question 8.
Explain imports and exports of India.
Answer:
India’s Imports:
The various types of goods that are imported from foriegn countries to India is known as India’s Import. India Imports fertilizers, petroleum, chemicals, Gold, Capital Goods.

  1. Petroleum crude and products: The important imports of India petroleum crude and products. India imports petroleum products of 23% of our total imports.
  2. Pearls, precious and semi precious stones.
  3. Capital goods.
  4. Fertilizers: India, is a major importer of chemical fertilizer as our country is agrarian and the internal production of fertilizer is insufficient. India’s Exports: Export of India refers to the sale of goods and services to other country’s of the world the export growth is not uniform.

The export of India is classified into 3 types.

  • Primary commodities.
  • Manufacturing goods.
  • Services

The primary commodities are coffee, Tea, Tobbacco, species, fruits, vegetables, milk, etc. The important exports of Indian are.

  1. Agricultural and Allied products.
  2. Ores and minerals.
  3. Gems and Jewellery.
  4. Electronic Goods.
  5. Textiles.
  6. Handicraft.
  7. Engineering Goods.
  8. Petroleum Products.

India has become one of the Important service exporter.

2nd PUC Geography Question Bank Chapter 11 Transport, Communication and Trade

Question 9.
Explain the composition and direction of India’s Foreign Trade.
Answer:
India’s forein trade refer’s to the trade carried by India with other country’s of the world the composition of exports refer to goods that are exported from India to forein country’s the export of India is classified into primary commodities, manufacturing goods and services.

India’s export of goods to other countries is increasing since Independence before Independence britan imported major share but now India is exporting goods to a developed nation like Japan, America, Russia, Etc. Composition of India’s import refers to the various types of goods that are imported from foreign countries to india. India imported from foreign countries to India.

India imports several items like fertilizers, petroleum, Chemicals, Gold and silver. Since Independence india’s Import is increasing significantly. Earlier India was importing only from few countries now it is importing from several countries India is depending on different countries for different goods.