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Karnataka State Syllabus Class 8 English Supplementary Chapter 3 Lal Bahadur Shastry
Lal Bahadur Shastry Questions and Answers, Summary, Notes
Exercises:
I. Answer each of the following questions in a sentence or two.
Question 1.
Why is October 2 a special day in the history of India?
Answer:
October 2nd a special day in the history of India because both Lal Bahadur Shastry and Mahatma Gandhiji were born on that day.
Question 2.
Where did Lai Bahadur have his education after his studies at school?
Answer:
Lai Bahadur had his further education at Kashi Vidyapita in Varanasi.
Question 3.
Name at least two positions that Lai Bahadur held as an administrator.
Answer:
Lai Bahadur held the positions of the Prime Minister of India, Railway Minister, and Home Minister at the center.
Question 4.
Why do you think Lai Bahadur refused to stay at home even during the days of parole?
Answer:
Lai Bahadur was granted parole to see his ailing daughter. After her death, he decided to return to jail though three to four days of the parole were still left. This shows his honesty.
Question 5.
When did Lai Bahadur resign his post as the Railway Minister? What was the reason he gave for this act?
Answer:
Lai Bahadur Shastry resigned as Railway Minister after the Arialur rail accident, accepting moral responsibility.
Question 6.
How did he respond to the Pakistani attack?
Answer:
Lai Bahadur ordered the Indian army to retaliate. He said ‘Force will be met with force’.
II. Answer each of the following in a paragraph of 10-12 sentences.
Question 1.
Give an account of Lai Bahadur’s education.
Answer:
Lal Bahadur’s school Education was at Mughal Sarai After his school education he joined Kashi Vidyapita in Varanasi and studied for 4 years. He was very bright in Philosophy, Economics Political Science, and Social Science. He got the degree Shastry’
Question 2.
Narrate any one incident from Lai Bahadur’s life which highlights his honesty.
Answer:
It was an honest man. The following two incidents highlight his honesty. Once he was released under Parole of 15 days to see his sick daughter. Unfortunately, she died, after obsequies, he returned 3-4 days before, even though his family pleaded with him to stay back. The other incident was after the Arialur Railway accident, he accepted moral responsibility and resigned from the cabinet.
Question 3.
Imagine you are required to speak on the life of Lai Bahadur Shastry and you are given not more than 3 minutes for your speech. Note down the points based on which you can develop your speech.
Answer:
Example: Lai Bahadur’s sincerity:
a) with the mango seller
b) his resignation
1) Lal Bahadur’s sincerity
a) With the mango seller: his evening walk – getting dark – an old fruit seller – offer to sell hundred mangoes for half an anna – buys fifty mangoes – pays one anna – his kind nature.
b) His resignation: Central Railway Minister – Arialur rail accident – moral responsibility – resignation from the cabinet.
2) Lal Bahadur’s education
His early schooling – joined Kashi Vidyapita – four years – good in different subjects: very poor – walked 16 miles – got the degree ‘Shastry’.
3) Lal Bahadur’s honesty
Pre-independence – imprisonment – daughter’s sickness r request for parole – unconditional parole – refusal – daughter’s death – his return to prison.
4) Lal Bahadur’s courage
As Prime Minister – his physical features – tough, strong, tactful, firm, brave – Pakistani attack – Force will be met with force.
5) Lai Bahadur’s simple living
Simple life – Second class travel – no house – no car – ate one meal a day – no cook – no money to pay cook.
Multiple Choice Questions
Four alternatives are given for each of the following questions/ incomplete statements. Choose the most appropriate one.
Question 1.
After his school education, where did Shastry go for his studies?
A) Varanasi
B) Mughal Sarai
C) Kashi
D) Calcutta
Answer:
A) Varanasi
Question 2.
The degree that the Kashi Vidyapita conferred on Lai Bahadur was
A) Sir
B) Raja
C) Shastry
D) Vidwan
Answer:
C) Shastry
Question 3.
The government released Shastry from prison on parole to
A) allow him to see his ailing daughter
B) take part in a political agitation
C) receive the Shastry degree from Kashi Vidyapita
D) take care of his ailing daughter
Answer:
A) allow him to see his ailing daughter
Question 4.
Lai Bahadur reduced the difference between the first and ‘ last classes in trains by
A) abolishing second class
B) combining the first and second classes
C) abolishing first class
D) introducing an intermediate class
Answer:
C) abolishing first class
Question 5.
One of the facilities provided in the third class compartments during the time of Shastry was
A) toilets
B) cushion seats
C) drinking water
D) electric fans
Answer:
D) electric fans
Question 6.
As a railway minister, Lai Bahadur travelled by
A) first class
B) intermediate class
C) second class
D) third class
Answer:
C) second class
Question 7.
Lai Bahadur Shastry resigned as railway minister
A) accepting moral responsibility for the Arialur railway incident
B) because the facilities provided in trains were poor
C) as he was made the Home Minister
D) his daughter died of smallpox
Answer:
A) accepting moral responsibility for the Arialur railway incident
Question 8.
Just to please his wife and children, Shastry
A) appointed a cook
B) went back to jail
C) bought a small car
D) resigned as railway minister
Answer:
C) bought a small car
Question 9.
One of the bold decisions taken by Shastry was
A) the abolition of the first-class compartment
B) going back to jail on the death of his daughter
C) introduction of electric fans in third class compartments
D) abolition of control on cement and steel
Answer:
D) abolition of control on cement and steel
Question 10.
Shastry announced that this language would continue to be the associate official language of India
A) English
B) Hindi
C) Kannada
D) Tamil
Answer:
A) English
Question 11.
Shastry responded to Pakistani attack on Jammu and Kashmir by
A) allowing the Indian army to attack Pakistan
B) withdrawing the Indian army
C) signing a peace agreement with Pakistan
D) seeking the help of the United Nations Organisation
Answer:
A) allowing the Indian army to attack Pakistan
Question 12.
One incident that shows Shastry’s honesty is
A) paying more money to the mango seller
B) returning to jail before completion of the parole period
C) resigning as railway minister accepting moral responsibility for the Arialur railway accident
D) introducing electric fans in third class compartments
Answer:
B) returning to jail before completion of the parole period
Question 13.
Which one of these is not an example of Shastry’s simple living?
A) traveling in the second class compartment
B) returning to jail on the death of his daughter
C) not keeping a cook
D) he had no house of his own
Answer:
B) returning to jail on the death of his daughter
Lal Bahadur Shastry Summary in English
This is the story of one of the famous leaders of India, Lai Bahadur Shastry, former Prime Minister of India. He was born on October 2, 1904 at Mughal Sarai. He was the son of Sharada Prasad and Dulari Devi. Even as a boy, he was kind, brave and full of courage and vitality.
One day he and his uncle went for a walk. It was getting dark. An old man who was selling mangoes, offered a hundred mangoes for half an anna. Lai Bahadur and his uncle decided to buy. When the old man counted fifty mangoes, Lai Bahadur stopped him and gave the fruit seller one anna. His uncle asked him why he had done so. Lai Bahadur replied that a hundred mangoes for an anna was cheap, and the vendor was ready to suffer loss as it was getting dark. This incident proves how kind and considerate Lai Bahadur was.
After completing his school education, he joined Kashi Vidyapita in Varanasi. He studied there for four years and got the ‘Shastry’ Degree. He used to walk eight miles each way. He was so poor that he could not afford a bicycle. He maintained himself with only two and a half rupees a month.
Then he joined the Indian National Congress and participated in the freedom struggle. Along with Nehru and Sardar Patel he took active part in the Non-Cooperation Movement and the Dandi March. After independence, he served as the Minister for Home and Transport in Uttar Pradesh, then as the Railway Minister, Home Minister at the center and he also became the Prime Minister of India.
Lai Bahadur was in prison for taking part in the freedom struggle before India got independence. His daughter was suffering from small pox. He requested the jail authorities to allow him to go and see his daughter. The government permitted him to go on parole for fifteen days on the condition that he should not participate in any political agitation. He refused the conditional parole. The government agreed to release him unconditionally. His daughter died on the day of his visit. Lai Bahadur performed the obsequies and returned to prison against the wishes of his family members thought he still had three or four days of the parole left.
When Lai Bahadur Shastry was the Central Railway Minister, he worked hard to provide more facilities to travelers in the third class compartments. It was during his time that electric fans were installed in the third class compartments. He abolished the first class, the intermediate class was upgraded as the second class, and the old second class became the first class compartment. He improved the management of the railways and took adequate measures to stop thefts on trains. After theArialur rail accident, he accepted moral responsibility and resigned from the cabinet.
Even though he was the Prime Minister, he led a very simple life. As the Railway Minister he used to travel by the second class. When he was the Home Minister, he did not have a home of his own. He bought a small car to please his wife and children, taking a government loan. As the Home Minister, he could not afford to appoint a cook to prepare food for his family. His wife Lalita Shastry had to do all the cooking.
Lai Bahadur was physically short and weak. But, when it came to taking decisions, he was strong, tactful and firm. He abolished the control on cement and steel. .When the whole of South India agitated against making Hindi as the sole official language, Shastry declared that English would continue to be an associate official language of India. When Pakistan attacked Jammu and Kashmir, he said, ‘Force will be met with force’ and permitted the Indian army to retaliate. Even to this day we remember his slogan, ‘Jai J&wan Jai Kisan’.
Lal Bahadur Shastry Summary in Kannada
