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Karnataka State Syllabus Class 8 Science Chapter 6 Classification of Living Organisms
KSEEB Class 8 Science Classification of Living Organisms Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers
I. Four alternatives are given to each of the following incomplete statements/ questions. Choose the right answer.
Question 1.
A kingdom consisting of single-celled, prokaryotic organisms is
(a) Mycota
(b) Monera
(c) Plantae
(d) Protista
Answer:
(d) Protista
Question 2.
Which one of the following is the basic unit of classification of the living organisms?
(a) family
(b) species
(c) genus
(d) kingdom
Answer:
(b) species
Question 3.
Most primitive organisms, among the following, are
(a) Monerans
(b) Protists
(c) Fungi
(d) Algae
Answer:
(a) Monerans
Question 4.
Which one of the following should be grouped with whales, according to modern classification?
(a) Shark
(b) Dolphin
(c) Snake
(d) Tortoise
Answer:
(b) Dolphin
II. Fill in the blanks with suitable words.
Question:
1. Protozoa belong to the kingdom _________.
2. Animals without a backbone are called _________.
3. Most of the organisms depend directly or indirectly upon _________ for food.
4. Group of organisms, that breed among themselves and produce fertile offsprings make a _________.
Answer:
1. Protista,
2. Non-chordates/invertebrates
3. plants,
4. genus
III. Match the following :
Answer:
1. c
2. d
3. e
4. f
IV. Answer the following:
Question 1.
Why are animals included under eukaryotic?
Answer:
Animals have cells with definite nucleus therefore they are included under eukaryotes.
Question 2.
In which kingdom do you include multicellular eukaryote, primitive, heterotrophic, organisms?
Answer:
Multicellular, eukaryote, primitive heterotrophic organisms can be included in the kingdom MycotAnswer:
Question 3.
Aristotle’s classification includes both fish and whale under one group. How are these unrelated?
Answer:
According to Aristotle both were aquatic so they belong to the same group but according to the natural system of classification or Modern system of classification, the whale is different from fish in the life process and mode of reproduction. Whale belongs to the class Mammalia it has mammalian characteristics.
Question 4.
What is the difference between plants & animals with regard to nutrition?
Answer:
Plants belong to Autotrops which can prepare their own food whereas animals belong to heterotrophs which cannot prepare their own food.
Question 5.
Place the following organisms in their respective kingdoms, deer, paramaecium, mushroom.
Answer:
Mushroom — Mycota Paramaecium — Protista Deer — Animalia
Question 6.
Why are bread moulds grouped under mycota?
Answer:
Bread moulds are microscopic fungi that take food and nutrients from the bread they grown on moulds grow on bread as filamentous threads like structures known as hypae. The spores from dry bread moulds float through the air until they find another suitable location to grow and reproduce. Therefore, bread molds are grouped under mycota
Question 7.
Explain the concept of binomial nomenclature.
Answer:
The binomial nomenclature system combines two names into one to give all species unique scientific names. The first part of a scientific name is called the genus. The second part of a species name is the specific epithet. For example, the binomial nomenclature for humans is Homo sapiens. They belong to the genus home and species sapiens written as Homo sapiens.
Question 8.
Which of the following is a prokaryote ceil? Why?
Answer:
‘B’ belongs to the prokaryote cell because it doesn’t have a well-developed nucleus with the nuclear membrane and another organelle.
KSEEB Class 8 Science Classification of Living Organisms Additional Questions and Answers
Question 1.
What is meant by classification?
Answer:
The method of grouping organisms, according to their similarities and differences is called classification.
Question 2.
What is Taxonomy?
Answer:
Taxonomy is a branch of biology which deals with the classification of organisms.
Question 3.
Mention the purpose of classification.
Answer:
for convenience – easy to study, identify and remember to show relationships among various groups of organisms to show the evolution of organisms from simple to complex forms of life.
Question 4.
How did Aristotle classify plants and animals?
Answer:
Aristotle classified plants and animals into three groups each
Plants :
- Herbs with soft stems
- Shrubs with several woody stems
- Trees with a single woody stem.
Animals:
- Aquatic animals found in water.
- Terrestrial animals found on land.
- Aerial animals, found in air
Question 5.
What is Krishiparashara?
Answer:
Krishiparashara is a book written by Parashara for the benefit of farmers. This book helps farmers to plan and manage the activity of farming. According to Parashara, wind from north or west brings rainfall and that from the east or south indicates no rain.
Question 6.
What is meant by binominal nomenclature?
Answer:
Binominal nomenclature is the scientific method of naming the organisms which are universally accepted and it avoids confusion.
Question 7.
What are the seven levels of the organization?
Answer:
Species □ Genus □ Family □ Order □ Class □ Phylum □ Kingdom
Question 8.
Give the systematic position of Humans.
Answer:
Question 9.
Mention the merits of the natural system of classification.
Answer:
The natural system of classification has the following merits; It includes the related organisms in one group and shows relationships with regard to habitat, life process and mode of reproduction.
Question 10.
Mention the Five Kingdoms of classification.
Answer:
The five kingdoms of classification are Monera, Protista, Plantae, Animalia, and Mycotans.
Question 11.
Viruses form a separate living entity. Why?
Answer:
Viruses do not have a cellular structure and they are not considered as organisms. They cannot be included either under prokaryotes or eukaryotes. Hence thier form a separate entity.
Question 12.
Viruses are considered as a link between the living and non-living. Why?
Answer:
Viruses contain only nucleic acid, covered by a protein coat. They are unable to reproduce outside the living cells, but inside the host cell, they exhibit the characteristics of living organisms. Thus they are considered as both the living and the non-living.
Question 13.
Draw a neat labelled diagram of EuglenAnswer:
Answer:
Question 14.
Draw a neat labeled diagram of paramaecium.
Answer:
Question 15.
What are the scopes of Biology?
Answer:
The study of biology helps us to
(1) answer countless questions related to life.
(2) increase the power of observation.
(3) understand the application of biology to human life and society.
II. Fill in the blanks:
Question:
1. Biology is known as ________.
2. Charaka is known as ________.
3. Aristotle is known as ________.
4. Carolus Linnaeus introduced ________.
5. Corolus Linnaeus is the father of ________.
6. The term species was introduced by ________.
7. Donkey belongs to the species ________.
8.,Modern classification is also called as ________.
9. Paramecium belongs to the kingdom ________.
10. Nostoc belongs to the kingdom ________.
Answer:
1. Natural Science,
2. Father of Ayurveda,
3. Father of Biology,
4. Binomial nomenclature,
5. Father of modern taxonomy,
6. John Ray,
7. asinus,
8. Natural system of classification
9. Protesta,
10. Monera
III. Match the following:
A – B
1. Study of plants – (a) Microbiology’
2. Study of animals – (b) Histology
3: Study of microorganisms – (c) Genetics
4. Study of cells – (d) Botany
5. Study of tissues – (e) Biotechnology
6. Processes and functions of living organisms – (f) Cytology
7. Application of technology in the field of biology – (g) Zoology
8. Study of genes – (h) Physiology
Answer:
1. d
2. g
3. a
4. f
5. b
6. h
7. e
8. c
A – B
1. Charaka – (a) Vrikshaayurveda
2. Aristotle – (b) Protesta
3. Parashara – (c) Charaka Samhita
4. Linnaeus – (d) Monera
5. Ernst Haeckel – (e) Mycota
6. Copeland – (f) Species
7. Robert Whittaker – (g) HistoriaAnimatum
8. John Ray – (h) Systema Naturae
Answer:
1. c
2. g
3. a
4. h
5. b
6. d
7. e
8. f
A – B
1. Ficus religiosa – (a) Horse
2. Equus Caballus – (b) Man
3. Mangifera indica – (c) Dog
4. Homo sapiens – (d) peepul tree
5. Canis familiaris – (e) Donkey
6. Equus asinus – (f) Mango
Answer:
1. d
2. a
3. f
4. b
5. c
6. e
IV. Four alternatives are given to each of the following. Choose the right answer.
Question 1.
Krishiparashara was written by
(a) Charaka
(b) Parashara
(c) Sushrutha
(d) Bhaskara
Answer:
(b) Parashara
Question 2.
Parashara classified
(a) Flowering plants
(b) Herbivores
(c) Carnivores
(d) medicinal plants
Answer:
(a) Flowering plants
Question 3.
Related genera are grouped to form
(a) Phylum
(b) order
(c) Family
(d) Class
Answer:
(c) Family
Question 4.
The final level of classification
(a) Phylum
(b) kingdom
(c) class
(d) family
Answer:
(b) kingdom
Question 5.
In binominal nomenclature the first and second name represent
(a) Genus and species
(b) Species and genus
(c) Order and genus
(d) genus and family
Answer:
(a) Genus and species
Question 6.
In Prokaryotes there is/are no
(a) Chromosomes
(b) Ribosomes
(c) Nuclear membrane
(d) Cell membrane
Answer:
(c) Nuclear membrane
Question 7.
Plant with a single woody stem is called a
(a) herb
(b) shrub
(c) Tree
(d) Plant
Answer:
(c) Tree
Question 8.
The first person to place humans in a system of biological classification
(a) Linnaeus
(b) Parashara
(c) Aristotle
(d) Charaka
Answer:
(a) Linnaeus
Question 9.
Euglena belongs to the kingdom
(a) Monera
(b) Protesta
(c) Mycota
(d) Animalia
Answer:
(b) Protesta
Question 10.
Mushroom belongs to the kingdom
(a) Monera
(b) Protea
(c) Mycota
(d) Plantae
Answer:
(c) Mycota