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Karnataka State Syllabus Class 8 Social Science History Important Questions Chapter 10 The Chalukyas of Badami and the Pallavas of Kanchi
Chalukyas Of Badami
Question 1.
Who was the founder of the Chalukyas of Badami?
Answer:
The founder of the Badami Chalukyas was Jayasimha.
Question 2.
Name the prominent rulers of the Chalukyas of Badami.
Answer:
The founder, Jayasimha, Pulikeshi I, Keertivarma, Pulikeshi II were the prominent rulers of the Badami Chalukyas.
Question 3.
How did Pulikeshi II extend his empire?
OR
Describe the achievements of Pulikeshi II.
Answer:
Pulikeshi II overpowered the Gangas, Kadambas and Alupas and extended his empire. The Pallavas were at the peak of their glory in South Deccan. Pulikeshi defeated their ruler Mahendravarma and forced him to accept Chalukya sovereignty.
When Harshavardhana advanced towards South India, Pulikeshi stopped him on the banks of river Narmada. Pulikeshi took the title ‘Dakshinapatheshwara’ and ‘Lord of the Peninsula’ for his victory over Harsha.
Question 4.
How did the Vengi and Gujarat branches of the Chalukyas originate?
Answer:
Pulikeshi II found it difficult to rule the entire empire from one centre. He appointed his younger brother Kubja Vishnuvardhana as the provincial head of Vengi and Jayasimha as the head of Gujarat province. Later on these provinces became independent kingdoms.
Question 5.
What does Hiuen Tsanjg say about Pulikeshi II and his kingdom?
Answer:
Hiuen Tsang visited the Chalukyan kingdom and has given a detailed description of the reign of Pulikeshi II and his kingdom. He says that the king was just and kind. The army was disciplined and the soldiers were courageous warriors who were not afraid of death. The subjects were lovers of truth, contented, self-respecting, prosperous and loyal to the king. The king loved his subjects.
Question 6.
How did the rule of Chalukyas of Badami come to an end?
Answer:
During the reign of Keertivarma, the Rashtrakutas captured Badami and put an end to the rule of Badami Chalukyas.
Question 7.
Describe the administrative system of the Chalukyas.
Answer:
Under the Chalukyas the king was actively involved in the administration. The kingdom was divided into a number of districts called Vishayas. They were administered by Vishayadhipatis. The village was the smallest unit of administration. The village leaders looked after the village accounts.
Question 8.
The Chalukyas were lovers of literature. Explain with examples.
Answer:
The Chalukyas of Badami patronized literature. Kannada and Sanskrit developed very well during the period. The ‘Tripadi’ form of poetry in Kannada came into existence. Though there were no literary works written in Kannada during this period, there are many inscriptions written in Kannada.
Ravikirti, Vijjika and Akalanka were Sanskrit scholars of the period. Vijjika wrote ‘Kaumudi Mahotsav’. ‘Hara Parvatiya’ was the work of Shivabhattaraka. Both were Sanskrit dramas.
Question 9.
Describe the achievements of the Chalukyas of Badami in the field of architecture.
Answer:
The Chalukyas of Badami were great builders as well as art lovers. They built beautiful temples at Badami, Aihole and Pattadakallu. The ‘Chalukya style’ of temple architecture developed under them. They built cave-temples in the rocks of Badami.
The best temples in the Chalukya style are in Aihole and Pattadakallu. Aihole was one of the cradles of temple architecture. Some of the cave paintings of Ajanta belong to this period.
Pallavas
Question 10.
Who was the first ruler of the Pallavas of Kanchi?
Answer:
Shivaskandavarma was the first ruler of the Pallavas of Kanchi.
Question 11.
Name the Pallava kings who ruled from Kanchi.
Answer:
The prominent Pallava rulers who ruled from Kanchi were Shivaskandavarma, Mahendravarma and Narasimhavarma I.
Question 12.
Describe the achievements of Narasimhavarma I.
Answer:
The Pallava king Narasimhavarma I was the most famous of the Pallava kings. He attacked the Chalukya kingdom, defeated Pulikeshi II and captured the capital city Vatapi (Badami). With this he took the titles of’Vatapikonda’ and ‘Mahamalla’.
He built a city on the sea coast near Kanchi and named it Mahabalipuram. Many monolithic temples known as rathas were built by him at Mahabalipuram.
Question 13.
How did the Pallavas encourage Sanskrit and Tamil?
Answer:
The Pallavas encouraged both Sanskrit and Tamil languages. Kanchi was the centre of Sanskrit learning and literature. Bharavi, the author of ‘Kiratarjuniya’ and Dandi, the author of ‘Dashakumara Charita’, were poets in the Pallava court.
King Mahendravarma was himself a scholar and wrote a social drama ‘Mattavilasa Prahasana’ and a book ‘Bhagavadujjuka’.
Question 14.
Who were Alwars and Nayanmars?
Answer:
During the Pallava period, Shaiva and Vaishnava religious sects became popular in the south. The Nayanmars propagated the Shaiva faith, while the Alwars propagated the Vaishnava faith.
Question 15.
Describe the Pallava contribution to architecture.
Answer:
Pallavas were lovers of art and architecture. They built many temples in their kingdom which are noteworthy for their artistic skills. Pallava architecture can be classified into temples that are carved out of stone and temples with structural pattern.
Many temples carved out of rocks can be seen in Mahabalipuram. Wonderful monolithic sculptures have been carved in these temples. They tell stories of Mahabharata and Bhagavatha. The Pancharathas are the famous monolithic temples.
The carving ‘Arjuna’s Meditation’ is an excellent work of art. The Kailasanatha, Ekambaranatha and Vaikunta Perumal temples of Kanchi and the shore temple at Mahabalipuram are excellent examples of Pallava architecture.
Multiple Choice Questions
Question 1.
The founder of the Badami Chalukya rule was
(A) Jayasimha
(B) Keertivarma
(C) Pulikeshi II
(D) Vishnuvardhana
Answer:
(A) Jayasimha
Question 2.
The Chalukya king who had the title ‘Dakshinapatheshwara’ was
(A) Jayasimha
(B) Pulikeshi I
(C) Pulikeshi II
(D) Keertivarma
Answer:
(C) Pulikeshi II
Question 3.
Pulikeshi II appointed his younger brother Kubja Vishnuvardhana as the governor of _________ province.
(A) Vengi
(B) Vemalavada
(C) Gujarat
(D) Kalyana
Answer:
(A) Vengi
Question 4.
The Pallava king defeated by Pulikeshi II Was
(A) Shivaskandavarma
(B) Mahendravarma
(C) Narasimhavarma
(D) Aparajita
Answer:
(B) Mahendravarma
Question 5.
Vijjika, the daughter-in-law of Pulikeshi II, wrote the Sanskrit play
(A) Kaumudi Mahotsava
(B) Hara Parvatiya
(C) Kiratarjuniyam
(D) Dashakumaracharita
Answer:
(A) Kaumudi Mahotsava
Question 6.
The place known as the cradle of Indian architecture is
(A) Mahabalipuram
(B) Kanchi
(C) Aihole
(D) Badami
Answer:
(C) Aihole
Question 7.
The Pallava king who had the title ‘Vatapikonda’ was
(A) Narasimhavarma
(B) Mahendravarma
(C) Shivaskandavarma
(D) Adityavarma
Answer:
(A) Narasimhavarma
Question 8.
The new city built by Narasimhavarma was
(A) Mahabalipuram
(B) Kanchipuram
(C) Gangaikonda Cholapuram
(D) Vatapi
Answer:
(A) Mahabalipuram
Question 9.
The play written by Mahendravarma is
(A) Dashakumaracharita
(B) Kiratarjuniyam
(C) Mattavilasa Prahasana
(D) Bhagavadujjuka
Answer:
(C) Mattavilasa Prahasana
Question 10.
The beautiful sculpture ‘Arjuna’s Meditation is at
(A) Kanchipuram
(B) Vatapi
(C) Talakadu
(D) Mahabalipuram
Answer:
(D) Mahabalipuram
Question 11.
The Alwars propagated
(A) Shaivism
(B) Vaishnavism
(C) Buddhism
(D) Jainism
Answer:
(B) Vaishnavism
Question 12.
The famous monolithic temples of Mahabali Duram are called
(A) Pancharathas
(B) Arjuna’s Meditation
(C) Cave temples
(D) Shore temples
Answer:
(A) Pancharathas
Fill In The Blanks
- The Pallava king defeated by Pulikeshi II was mahendravarma
- The dynasty which gave the name Karnataka was chalukyas of badami
- The writer of the play ‘Hara Parvatiya’ was shivabattaraka
- The Pallava ruler who earned the title ‘Vatapikonda’ was Narasimhavarma
- The painting ‘Arjuna’s Meditation’ is found at Mahabalipuram.
- Pulikeshi II defeated Harshavardhana in the battle fought on the banks of the river Narmada.
- The city of Mahabalipuram was built by Narasimhavarma.
- Mahendravarma wrote the play Mattavilasa prahasana.
- Nayanmars preached Shaivism.
- The Alwars preached Vaishnavism in South India.
Match The Following
Questions 1.
| A | B |
| a. Dakshinapatheshwara | 1. Chalukyas |
| b. Vatapikonda | 2. Pallavas |
| c. Founder of Chalukya dynasty | 3. Pulikeshi II |
| d. The name ‘Karnataka’ was given by | 4. Narasimhavarma |
| 5. Jayasimha |
Answer:
a – 3, b – 4, c – 5, d – 1.
Question 2.
| A | B |
| a. Shore temple | 1. Pattadakallu |
| b. Vaikuntaperumal temple | 2. Badami |
| c. Virupaksha temple | 3. Mahabalipuram |
| d. Cave temple | 4. Vengi |
| 5. Kanchipuram |
Answer:
a – 3, b – 5, c – 1, d – 2.