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Karnataka State Syllabus Class 8 Social Science History Important Questions Chapter 12 The Cholas and Hoysalas of Dwarasamudra
The Cholas
Question 1.
Who Was the founder of the Chota dynasty?
Answer:
According to Sangam literature Karikala Chola was the founder of the Chola dynasty.
Question 2.
Name the Chola ruler who revived the Chola power and made Tanjore his capital.
Answer:
Vijayalaya Chola revived the Chola power by freeing himself from the control of the Pallavas. He made Tanjore his capital and ruled from there.
Question 3.
Write a note on the achievements of Rajarafa I.
Answer:
Rajaraja I was an important ruler of the Cholas. He was a great warrior and able administrator. He strengthened the foundations of the kingdom and expanded it. He overpowered the Gangas, Cheras and Pandyas. Building a naval force he captured Sri Lanka. He built the Brihadeeshwara temple at Tanjavur.
Question 4.
Describe the main features of the Chola administration.
Answer:
The Cholas had an efficient system of administration. The kingdom was divided into mandalam, kotwangi, nadu, kurram and tara-kurram. There was a committee of subjects called ‘Ur’ in every village. The foremost quality of their administration was the development of self¬governance of villages. The grama sabhas were the first sabhas.
Tara-kurram was a village while kurram was a community of villages. Every kurram had a committee called Mahasabha. It was also called Perumguri and its members Perumakkal. Members of these committees were chosen through elections. Only Sanskrit scholars and rich people were allowed to stand for elections.
Question 5.
Who built the Brihadeeshwara temple? What are its features?
Answer:
The Brihadeeshwara temple at Tanjore was built by Rajaraja I. It is 500 feet tall and it is in a courtyard 250 feet wide. Its shikhara is 200 feet tall.
Question 6.
Name the temples built by the Cholas in Karnataka.
Answer:
The Aprameya temple near Charinapatna, Choleshwara temple in Begur near Bangalore and the Mukteshwara temple near Binnamangala are the temples built by the Cholas in Karnataka.
Question 7.
Name the Hterary works of tire Chola period.
Answer:
The important literary works of the Chola period are ‘Ramayana’ written by Kamba, ‘Periya Puranam’ composed by Sekkilar and Thirukkadevar’s ‘Jeevaka Chintamani’.
Hoysalas Of Dwarasamudra
Question 8.
How did the name ‘Hoysala’ originate?
Answer:
Sala, on the order of a Jain monk Sudatta, fought with a tiger and killed it near Sosevuru in Mudigere Taluk of Chikmagalur district. The monk ordered Sala to kill the tiger by saying ‘Hoy Sala’. Sala fought the tiger and killed it. Hence people began to call Sala – ‘Hoysala’. He founded the Hoysala dynasty.
Question 9.
Describe the achievements of Hoysala king Vishnuvardhana.
Answer:
Vishnuvardhana was the greatest king of the Hoysalas. He won Gangavadi from the Cholas and earned the title Talakadugonda. To commemorate this victory he built the Kirtinarayana temple at Talakadu and the Chennakeshava temple at Belur. He was defeated by the Chalukyan king Vikramaditya VI when he tried to expand his kingdom.
Ramanujacharya, who could not spread the message of Vishistadvaita in the Chola kingdom, came to the court of Vishnuvardhana and under his patronage spread his faith in the whole of Karnataka.
Question 10.
Describe the provincial administration of the Hoysalas.
Answer:
The Hoysalas had brought into practice the system of provincial administration. Provinces were usually put under the charge of royal princes, queens or members of the royal family. Officials looked after the administration of vishayas and nadus. At the village level, there were government representatives such as gowda, senabova, talawara and others.
Question 11.
Name the important educational centres of the Hoysala period.
Answer:
Melukote, Salagame and Arasikere were the prominent educational centres of the Hoysala period.
Question 12.
Describe the encouragement given by the Hoysalas to literature.
OR
Name the important literary works of the Hoysala period.
Answer:
Hoysalas patronised writers and scholars. Kannada writers flourished immensely. Rudrabhatta wrote ‘Jagannatha Vijaya’ Janna wrote ‘Yashodhara Charite’, Harihara composed ‘Girija Kalyana’, Raghavanka authored ‘Harischandra Kavya’ and Keshiraja wrote ‘Shabdamani Darpana’. ‘Sri Bhashya’ by Ramanujacharya and ‘Sriguna Ratnakosha’ by Parasharabhatta were the important works in Sanskrit.
Question 13.
What were the characteristic features of Hoysala architecture? Name the prominent temples built during their rule.
Answer:
The architecture of the Hoysalas is world famous. The Hoysalas got their innumerable temples built in soap stone. There are five features that can be seen in all their temples. They have
- The star shaped sanctum sanctorum
- Upa-peetha or Jagati
- Decorative panels
- Shikhara
- Pillars.
There are also beautiful idols of Madanikas (Shilabalikas) on the brackets of the pillars of Chennakeshava temple at Belur. The prominent temples of the Hoysala period are – Chennakeshava temple at Belur, Hoysaleshwara temple at Halebeedu and the Keshava temple at Somanathapura.
Question 14.
Name the famous sculptors of the Hoysala period.
Answer:
Dasoja, Chavana, jakana and Dankana were some of the famous sculptors of the Hoysala period.
Multiple Choice Questions
Question 1.
According to Sangam literature, the founder of the Chola dynasty was
(A) Vijayalaya
(B) Rajaraja
(C) Rajendra
(D) Karikala
Answer:
(D) Karikala
Question 2.
The Brihadeeshwara temple at Tanjore was built by
(A) Vijayalaya
(B) Rajaraja
(C) Rajendra
(D) Paranthaka
Answer:
(B) Rajaraja
Question 3.
The capital of the Hoysalas was
(A) Dwarasamudra
(B) Halebeedu
(C) Belur
(D) Sosevuru
Answer:
(A) Dwarasamudra
Question 4.
The Hoysala king who had the title ‘Talakadugonda’ was
(A) Nrupakama
(B) Ereyanga
(C) Ballala
(D) Vishnuvardhana
Answer:
(D) Vishnuvardhana
Question 5.
Ramanujacharya preached philosophy in the Hoysala kingdom.
(A) Dwaitha
(B) Vishishtadwaita
(C) Adwaita
(D) Avishishtadwaita
Answer:
(B) Vishishtadwaita
Question 6.
During the Hoysala period there was a special force of bodyguards called
(A) Garudas
(B) Mallas
(C) Jettis
(D) Veeras
Answer:
(A) Garudas
Fill In The Blanks
- The capital of the Cholas was Tanjore
- The committee of the subjects in every village during the period of the Cholas was Ur
- The famous centre of learning or Agrahara of the Chola period was Uttaramerur
- The temple built by the Cholas at Begur near Bangalore was Choleshwara
- The army of bodyguards during the time of the Hoysalas was Garuda
- The poem written by Raghavanka is Harischandra Kavya
- Cholas built the Bellandoor lake near Bangalore.
- Gangaikonda Cholapuram was built by Rajendra Chola
- Tamil Ramayan was written by Kamba
- The founder of the Hoysala dynasty was Sala
- The original name of Vishnuvardhana was Bittideva
- Kavi Chakravarti Janna wrote ‘Yashodhara Charite’.
- The Hoysaleshwara temple at Halebeedu was built by Ketumalla, a commander of the Hoysalas
Match The Following
Question 1.
| A | B |
| a. janna | 1. Jagannatha Vijaya |
| b. Harihara | 2. Harischandra Kavya |
| c. Keshiraja | 3. Girija Kalyana |
| d. Raghavanka | 4. Yashodhara Charite |
| e. Rudrabhatta | 5. Shreebhashya |
| 6. Shabdamanidarpana |
Answer:
a – 4, b – 3, c – 6, d – 2, e – 1.
Question 2.
| A | B |
| a.Talakadu | 1. Choleshwara temple |
| b. Belur | 2. Hoysaleshwara temple |
| c. Halebeedu | 3. Chennakeshava temple |
| d. Tanjore | 4. Keshava temple |
| e. Gangaikonda Cholapuram | 5. Keertinarayana temple |
| 6. Brihadeeshwara temple |
Answer:
a – 5, b – 3; c – 2, d – 6, e – 1.