KSEEB Class 8 Political Science Important Questions Chapter 4 Local Government

Students can download Class 8 Political Science Chapter 4 Local Government Important Questions, KSEEB Class 8 Social Science Important Questions and Answers helps you to revise the complete Karnataka State Board Syllabus and to clear all their doubts, score well in final exams.

Karnataka State Syllabus Class 8 Social Science Political Science Important Questions Chapter 4 Local Government

Question 1.
What is meant by local self government?
Answer:
People are vested with the power to elect their representatives to local administrative bodies. These institutions which look after the administration at the local level with elected representatives are called local self governments.

Question 2.
How are local self governments beneficial?

What is the need for local self government?
Answer:
Local self government provides a link between the government and the masses. It helps the people of the locality to voice their problems. It helps to solve local problems at the local level with the co-operation and involvement of the people. It also provides opportunities to the citizens to participate in the process of governance and thereby strengthen the democratic system.

Question 3.
Who is considered as the ‘Father of local government’ in India?
Answer:
Lord Ripon is considered as the ‘Father of local government’ in India.

Question 4.
What is considered a milestone in the history of Panchayat Raj System?
Answer:
The 73^rd and 74^th Constitutional Amendments which came into effect in 1993 gave constitutional status to civic administration. Hence it is considered a milestone in the history of Panchayat Raj System.

Question 5.
What are the objectives of local self governments?
Answer:
The objectives of local self governments are

To involve the local people in solving the problems of their own locality.
To provide the knowledge of administration to common people.
To help in decentralizing powers and make the administration more efficient.
To train or develop leadership qualities among the people at the grass-root level.

Question 6.
List the functions of local self governments.
Answer:
The functions of local self governments are:

To maintain and protect Panchayat property.
To prepare the annual budget of the local body.
To undertake health and family welfare programmes.
To plan and undertake developmental works such as laying of roads, electrification, supply of water, etc.
To maintain cleanliness and sanitation in the area.
To ensure prompt registration of births and deaths.
To collect taxes, fees and penalties.
To identify the beneficiaries for the various welfare programmes of the government.

Question 7.
What are the sources of income of local governments?
Answer:
The sources of income of local governments are:

Amount collected through taxes on – buildings, vacant land, business establishments, markets, advertising agencies, entertainment houses, etc.
Amount collected through cess on water, health, education, library, reading room, etc.
Rental and lease amount collected on their properties.
Taxes collected from tourist spots.
Financial grants from the state government.

Question 8.
Which are the three levels of Panchayat Raj or rural local self-government?
Answer:
The three levels of Panchayat Raj are Zilla Panchayat at the district level, Taluk Panchayat at the taluk level and Grama Panchayat at the village level.

Question 9.
What is meant by Grama Sabha?
Answer:
Grama Sabha is the primary unit of rural local government. All voters of a village are its members. It meets twice a year. It is presided over by either the president or the vice-president. The Grama Sabha discusses the problems of the village, measures taken to address them and also the future plan of action. It is the duty of the Grama Sabha to choose eligible beneficiaries for the welfare schemes.

Question 10.
Write a note on Grama Panchayats.
Answer:
Grama Panchayats are formed at the village level on the basis of population. A village or a group of villages with population between 5000 and 7000 form a Gram Panchayat. The members of the grama panchayat are elected by the adult population of the panchayat area. There will be one representative for every 400 voters.

The term of the Grama Panchayat is five years. Meetings of the Panchayat are held once in two months. The members elect the President and Vice-President for a term of 30 months. Standing committees are formed for efficient administration. The Panchayat Development Officer is the executive head of Grama Panchayat.

Question 11.
How are Grama Panchayats formed?
Answer:
Grama Panchayats are formed on the basis of population. A village or a group of villages with a population between 5,000 and 7,000 form a Grama Panchayat. If the population is less, then two or three villages together will form a Grama Panchayat. Members of the Panchayat are elected by the adult population of the panchayat area.

Generally, one member is elected to represent 400 people. The term of the Panchayat is five years. The elected members in turn elect one among them as President and another as Vice President. The Panchayat Development Officer is the executive head of Grama Panchayat.

Question 12.
Describe the structure of Taluk Panchayats.
Answer:
The Taluk Panchayat comprises members directly elected by the eligible voters. The number of members in the Taluk Panchayat is based on the population of the taluk. There is one elected representative for every 12,500 to 15,000 voters. Besides, one-fifth of the presidents of Grama Panchayats serve as the members of Taluk Panchayat.

The presidents are chosen through lottery system. They are nominated on rotation basis for a period of one year. The term of Taluk Panchayats is five years. MLAs, MLCs and MPs of the taluk are also members of the Taluk Panchayat.

Question 13.
What are the functions of the Taluk Panchayat?
Answer:
The Taluk Panchayats, in addition to the functions of local bodies, perform certain other functions too. They consolidate the annual plan proposals of the Grama Panchayats and submit them to the Zilla Panchayat. They also implement the welfare programmes suggested or ordered by the Zilla Panchayat and the state government.

Question 14.
Describe the structure of the Zilla Panchayats.
Answer:
Zilla Panchayats are constituted at the district level. The members of the Zilla Panchayat are elected directly by the people of the district. The total number of members varies from district to district based on the population. In addition, Presidents of Taluk Panchayats, MLAs, MLCs and MPs of that district are members of the Zilla Panchayats.

The term of the members is five years. Five standing committees are formed for efficient administration. A Chief Executive Officer equal to the rank of District Commissioner is appointed by the state government to look after the executive work of the panchayat.

Question 15.
What are the functions of the Zilla Panchayat?
Answer:

All the developmental programmes and schemes of the government are routed through Zilla Panchayats.
The Zilla Panchayat creates an atmosphere of mutual trust and cooperation between Grama Panchayats, Taluk Panchayats and Zilla Panchayats for successful implementation of government programmes.
It brings about coordination among the different departments for successful implementation of government policies.
It encourages and provides support for the establishment of co-operative societies, co-operative banks and such other co-operative institutions.
It executes the work as directed by the state government.

Question 16.
Which are the three types of urban local bodies?
Answer:
The three types of urban local bodies are City Corporations (Mahanagara Palike) in major cities, Town Municipalities or City Municipalities in towns and cities, and Cantonment Areas under the control of Defence.

Question 17.
Mention the functions of urban local bodies.
Answer:
Urban local bodies carry out different functions. Some of their main functions are:

To prepare the budget and get the approval of the council.
To look after the overall administration of the town or city.
To prepare a good town planning system and implement it.
To provide facilities like transport, roads, water, street lights, hospitals, schools, parks, etc.
To maintain cleanliness by providing good drainage system and disposal of urban waste.
Registration of births and deaths.
To establish orphanages, old age homes, beggar colonies, juvenile homes and child welfare centres.
To undertake the construction of swimming pools, stadiums, museums, bus stands, public libraries, veterinary hospitals, wholesale market yards and crematoriums.

Question 18.
What are the sources of income of the urban local bodies?
Answer:
The main sources of income of urban local bodies are the taxes levied and collected on buildings, vacant sites, shops and vending carts, etc. In addition, they collect rent from the buildings owned by the local bodies and rented out to offices, markets, etc. Water cess, market cess and cess on entertainment houses also yield revenue. In addition, the state government also gives grants for different purposes.

Question 19.
Distinguish between Municipal Corporations and Town Municipalities.
Answer:
An urban area is classified as a town or a city on the basis of the population. An area with a population between 20,000 and 50,000 is considered a town. Town municipality is the governing body of that area. An area with a population of 50,000 to 3 lakhs is considered a city. City municipality is the governing body of that area.

Question 20.
Describe the composition of City municipalities/Town Municipalities.
Answer:
There is not much of a difference between town municipalities and city municipalities. The number of members in both depends on the population. The governing bodies of both have elected representatives called Councillors. They are elected directly by the people of that town or city. The number of councillors varies from place to place depending on the population.

Besides, the government nominates five members who are experienced and have good knowledge of municipal administration. The term of the elected members is five years. The elected councillors in turn elect the President and Vice President of the Corporation.

Four standing committees are constituted for the smooth functioning of the local bodies. The government appoints a Chief Officer to look after the administration of the corporation.

Question 21.
What is City Corporation? Describe its structure.

Write a note on city corporation.
Answer:
City Corporations are formed in areas with more than two lakh population and income of more than Rs. one crore. The members of the City Corporation are called Corporators. The number of Corporators in a corporation is decided on the basis of population. Normally, it is between 30 and 100.

The city is divided into wards and people of each ward elect one corporator. Apart from these the state government can also nominate five members, but they do not have the right to vote. The term of corporators is five years. The head of the corporation is called Mayor. There is a Deputy Mayor as well.

They are elected by the corporators from among themselves for a term of one year. The Commissioner is the executive head and is appointed by the government for a term of three years.

Question 22.
What is the term of office of Mayor?
Answer:
The term of office of Mayor is one year.

Question 23.
How many city corporations and Mahanagara Palike’s are there in Karnataka?
Answer:
There are ten city corporations in Karnataka. They are – Mysuru, Hubballi-Dharwad, Ballari, Belagavi, Kalaburagi, Davanagere, Mangaluru, Shivamogga, Tumakuru and Vijayapura. Bengaluru city corporation is called Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1.
Grama Swarajya was the dream of
(A) Jawaharlal Nehru
(B) Sardar Patel
(C) Rajaji
(D) Gandhiji.
Answer:
(D) Gandhiji.

Question 2.
The President and Vice President of Grama Panchayat are elected for a term of
(A) five years
(B) 30 months
(C) three years
(D) one year.
Answer:
(B) 30 months

Question 3.
Which of the following is an objective of the local self-governing institutions?
(A) Providing employment to the locals
(B) Preventing migration of people from other states
(C) Decentralization of power
(D) Promoting politics at the village level.
Answer:
(C) Decentralization of power

Question 4.
Which one of the following is not a function of the local self-government?
(A) Registration of births and deaths
(B) Providing health facilities
(C) Providing educational facilities
(D) Maintaining law and order.
Answer:
(D) Maintaining law and order.

Question 5.
All adults above the age of 18 can participate in the __________ of the village panchayat.
(A) Nyaya Panchayat
(B) Nyaya Sabha
(C) Grama Sabha
(D) Assembly of elders.
Answer:
(C) Grama Sabha

Question 6.
The urban local government in Bengaluru is
(A) Bengaluru City Corporation
(B) Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike
(C) Bengaluru City Municipality
(D) Bengaluru Municipal Corporation
Answer:
(B) Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike

Question 7.
The real executive of the city corporation is
(A) Commissioner
(B) Block Development Officer
(C) Chief Officer
(D) Chief Executive Officer.
Answer:
(A) Commissioner

Fill In The Blanks

Grama Sabha is presided over by President
The tenure of Grama Panchayat president is five years.
In Grama Panchayat, one member is elected for 400 population.
The total number of city corporations in Karnataka including Bangalore is 11
The ‘Father of local government’ in India is Lord Ripon
Panchayat Raj got constitutional status through the 74^th amendment to the Constitution.
The primary unit of rural local government is grama sabha
The term of Grama Panchayat is five years.
The executive head of Grama Panchayat is Panchayat Development Officer
The President of the Zilla Panchayat is called Zilla Adhyaksha
The executive work of Zilla Panchayat is looked after by District Commissioner
The term of the urban local bodies is five years.
City corporations are formed in areas with population more than two lakhs
City is divided into smaller electoral divisions called wards
The head of the city corporation is Mayor
The real executive of the city corporation is Commissioner
The commissioner of city corporation is appointed for a term of three years.