Students can download Class 8 Sociology Chapter 1 Introduction to Sociology Important Questions, KSEEB Class 8 Social Science Important Questions and Answers helps you to revise the complete Karnataka State Board Syllabus and to clear all their doubts, score well in final exams.
Karnataka State Syllabus Class 8 Social Science Sociology Important Questions Chapter 1 Introduction to Sociology
Question 1.
Why is human society called ‘a web of social relationships’?
OR
Man is a social being. How?
Answer:
Man is a social being. He cannot live alone. He always longs to live with other human beings. Social living is necessary for his well being and growth. Hence, human society is called ‘a web of social relationships’.
Question 2.
How is the word ‘Sociology’ derived?
Answer:
The word ‘Sociology’ is derived from the Latin word ‘Socius’ meaning ‘companion’ and the Greek word ‘Logos’ meaning ‘science’ or ‘study’. Thus, Sociology is the science of human society.
Question 3.
What is Sociology?
OR
Define Sociology.
Answer:
Sociology is the science of human society. According to Auguste Comte, “Sociology is the science of social phenomena subject to the natural and invariable laws, the discovery of which is the object of investigation”. Max Weber defines Sociology as “the study of social behaviour”. According to Emile Durkheim, “Sociology is the science of social institutions”.
Question 4.
What is the scope of Sociology?
Answer:
Sociology studies human society. It studies human social life, social relationships, social institutions and social processes.
Question 5.
Explain the features of Sociology.
OR
Describe the nature of Sociology.
Answer:
The features of Sociology are:
1. Sociology is a social science and not a physical science:
It studies social life and activities of human society.
2. Sociology is a definitive study, not a directive study:
It studies human society as it is, not how it should be. It aims at objective study of society and does not make value judgements.
3. Sociology is a pure science, not an applied science:
Sociology is interested in objective study of society that results in the formation of an empirical body of knowledge. It is not an applied science which is interested in experiments.
4. Sociology is an intangible science:
Sociology is not interested in the tangible aspects of human society. It is only interested in the form and pattern of human events.
5. Sociology is a general science and not a special science:
Among the social sciences, only Sociology studies the general interactions of human beings relating to religion, politics and economy, moral and intellectual aspects. It has a wider scope than other social sciences.
Question 6.
Explain the importance of Sociology.
Answer:
1. Sociology studies human society scientifically:
By scientific study Sociology builds a systematic body of knowledge of human society which aids progress in other fields of human life.
2. Supplements personality development:
By creating a proper understanding of social structure, growth and change, Sociology facilitates the holistic development of the personality of human beings by helping them adjust to the changing nature of society.
3. Understanding social processes:
Sociology helps in the proper understanding of social processes by studying the religion, traditions, culture, values, social rules and regulations of different societies. Sociology is useful in understanding the inter-relationship between various social institutions.
4. Helps in understanding social problems and finding solutions:
Sociology studies social problems such as crime, unemployment, child labour, prostitution, etc., and helps in finding solutions to those problems.
5. Sociology supports the effective implementation of development programmes:
By studying human society scientifically, Sociology supports the effective implementation of development programmes.
Question 7.
What is the relationship between Sociology and Political Science?
Answer:
Sociology is closely related to Political Science. Political Science studies the interactions between political institutions, political life of human beings and political institutions of human society. Sociology studies the various social institutions like social groups and social institutions that function within the political structure.
Question 8.
How are Sociology and History related?
Answer:
History is the study of the life in society in the past. Sociology is the study of life in contemporary society. Sociology supports historians by providing scientific knowledge of various social institutions and their roles and functions.
Question 9.
State the relationship between Sociology and Anthropology.
Answer:
Sociology and Anthropology are closely related. Anthropology studies the culture and social evolution of human beings and its history. Sociology studies social life holistically. It provides an objective analysis of the various social institutions.
Question 10.
How are Sociology and Psychology interrelated?
Answer:
Sociology and Psychology are complementary to each other. Psychology studies the behavioural aspects of human beings from a psychological perspective. Sociology studies the social behaviour and social interactions of human beings,
Question 11.
How are Sociology and Economics related?
Answer:
Economics studies the economic activities of human beings. Sociology seeks to understand the interaction between economic and social activities of human beings. It also studies how human behaviour affects economic activities.
Question 12.
Name the important early sociologists.
Answer:
Auguste Comte, Emile Durkheim, Max Weber, Herbert Spencer and Karl Marx are the important early, sociologists.
Question 13.
Who is called the ‘Father of Sociology’ ?
Answer:
Auguste Comte is considered the Father of Sociology.
Question 14.
Who used the word’Sociology’for the first time?
Answer:
The word ‘Sociology’ was used for the first time by Auguste Comte.
Question 15.
Who gave the theory of class struggle?
Answer:
The theory of class struggle was given by Karl Marx.
Question 16.
Name the important Indian sociologists.
Answer:
G.S. Ghurye, M.N. Srinivas, A.R. Desai, Iravati Karve, S.C. Dubey are some of the important Indian sociologists.
Question 17.
Write a note on Dr. B.R. Ambedkar.
OR
According to Dr. Ambedkar, whgtisthe importance of education insodal transformation?
Answer:
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was a prominent social reformer of modern India and an expert in law. He fought against the exploitation of Dalits and organised agitations in favour of Dalit rights. He proposed that education is the main tool of social transformation. According to him, education is the only means through which one can earn resources to understand and analyse critically.
He argued that education was necessary to build the capacity to argue logically against prejudices and social discrimination. He was in favour of free and compulsory education. He argued that education should remain a public property as it has the capacity to bring about social change.
Question 18.
Name some of the books written by G.S. Ghurye.
Answer:
‘Caste and Race in India’, ‘Scheduled Tribes’, ‘Indian Saints’ are some of the books written by G.S. Ghurye.
Question 19.
Name some of the works of M.N. Srinivas.
Answer:
‘Religion and Society among the Coorgs of South India’, ‘Social Change in Modern India’, ‘India’s Villages’ and ‘The Remembered Village’ are some Of the works of M.N. Srinivas.
Question 20.
Name a prominent sociologist of Karnataka.
Answer:
C. Parvathamma is a prominent sociologist of Karnataka.
Question 21.
List the works of Iravati Karve.
Answer:
‘Kinship Organisation in India’, ‘Hindu Society: An Interpretation’ and ‘Yuganta’ are the important works of Iravati Karve.
Question 22.
Which are the well known works of A.R. Desai?
Answer:
‘Social Background of Indian Nationalism’, ‘Rural Sociology in India’, ‘Slums and Urbanisation of India’ are the well known works of A.R. Desai.
Multiple Choice Questions
Question 1.
The word ‘Sociology’ was used for the first time by
(A) Karl Marx
(B) Emile Durkheim
(C) Auguste Comte
(D) max Weber
Answer:
(C) Auguste Comte
Question 2.
The author of ‘The Manifesto of the Communist Party is
(A) Max Weber
(B) Durkheim
(C) Auguste Comte
(D) Karl max
Answer:
(D) Karl max
Question 3.
Man cannot live alone without society. Therefore, man is called a
(A) social being
(B) intelligent being
(C) scientific being
(D) Modern Being
Answer:
(A) social being
Question 4.
The most prominent contemporary sociologist from Karnataka is
(A) A.R. Desai
(B) G.S. Ghurye
(C) C. Parvathamma
(D) Iravati Karve
Answer:
(C) C. Parvathamma
Question 5.
The Marxist sociologist among the following is
(A) Auguste Comte
(B) G.S. Ghurye
(C) Max Weber
(D) A.R Desai
Answer:
(D) A.R Desai
Question 6.
The person known as the ‘Father of Sociology is
(A) Auguste Comte
(B) Emile Durkheim
(C) Herbert Spencer
(D) karl max
Answer:
(A) Auguste Comte
Question 7.
The magazine ‘Mookanayaka’ was started by
(A) A.R. Desai
(B) B.R. Ambedkar
(C) Irawati Karve
(D) C. Parvathamma
Answer:
(B) B.R. Ambedkar
Fill Up In The Blanks
- Man is a social being.
- ‘Logos’ means study.
- The Father of Sociology is Aguste comte.
- karl max is called as the advocate of conflict theory.
- ‘Annihilation of Caste’ was written by B.R. Ambedkar.
- Sociology was defined as ‘the science of social institutions’ by Emile Dukheim
- The founder of the class struggle theory is karl max.
- The ‘father of the development of Sociology’ is Emile Dukheim.
- M.N. Srinivas popularised field based sociological studies in India.