Students can download Class 8 Political Science Chapter 2 Public Administration Important Questions, KSEEB Class 8 Social Science Important Questions and Answers helps you to revise the complete Karnataka State Board Syllabus and to clear all their doubts, score well in final exams.
Karnataka State Syllabus Class 8 Social Science Political Science Important Questions Chapter 2 Public Administration
Question 1.
What is public administration?
Answer:
Public administration concerns the total functioning of the government. Public administration is that part of the government that runs the day-to-day functioning of the government.
Question 2.
Who used the term ‘public administration’ for the first time?
Answer:
The term ‘public administration’ was used for the first time by Alexander Hamilton in 1812.
Question 3.
Who is called the father of public administration’?
Answer:
Woodrow Wilson, former President of the U.S.A., is called the ‘father of public administration’.
Question 4.
Define public administration.
Answer:
According to Woodrow Wilson, “public administration is the detailed and systematic execution of public law”. According to Pfiffner, “The consolidation of community initiatives in implementing public policies is public administration”. According to Luther Gulick, “Public administration concerns itself primarily with the executive branch of the government”.
Question 5.
Public administration is today’s need. Discuss.
Answer:
Public administration, which is concerned with the total functioning of the government, has become more important today as the modern society is undergoing swift changes. The scope of public administration has enlarged all the more as the state has evolved from protective state to welfare state and now to functional state.
Public administration plays an important role in making the human society a civil society. The growth of civil society further expands the scope of public administration. The aspirations and desires of the people have enlarged the scope of public administration.
Question 6.
Explain the importance of public administration.
Answer:
1. Public administration is the pillar of the government:
A State cannot exist without an executive. An administrative structure is needed for the implementation of public policy.
2. It serves various functions in the interest of the public:
Public administration takes cafe to provide basic facilities, education, employment opportunities, and ensures economic equality.
3. Implementation of laws and policies:
Public administration regulates the activities of people by implementing laws and policies.
4. Necessary to protect social security:
Public administration functions as a tool of social security. Governments may change but public administration remains constant and ensures stability to administration. This ensures smooth functioning of administration.
5. Supports legislature and executive:
Public administration aids in the implementation of policies framed by the legislature. It also provides inputs for the formulation of policies by the government.
Question 7.
Public administration is spread across the birth and death of an individual. Prove.
Answer:
Public administration performs many functions in the interest of the public. It caters to a human being from his womb to his tomb. It maintains order and peace by protecting the life and property of citizens. It takes care to provide basic facilities, education, employment opportunities, and ensures economic equality.
Question 8.
Expand POSDCORB.
Answer:
POSDCORB – Planning, Organising, Staffing, Directing, Coordinating, Reporting, Budgeting.
Question 9.
What is the scope of public administration?
Answer:
There is disagreement among thinkers with regard to the scope of public administration. According to experts like Woodrow Wilson and L.D. White, public administration has a wide scope and includes all the three pillars of administration – Legislature, Executive and Judiciary.
But, according to writers like Luther Gulick and Simon, public administration has a narrow scope and is limited only to the executive activities of the government. Luther Gulick explained the scope of public administration through the functions of public administration, viz., POSDCORB.
Question 10.
Explain POSDCORB perspective of public administration.
Answer:
Luther Gulick explains the scope of public administration through the word POSDCORB with each letter of the word standing for the functions of public administration.
- Planning: Planning any agenda that the government seeks to implement by working on the methods of implementation.
- Organising: Forming various departments and administrative structures and entrusting roles and responsibilities to them for the achievement of desired goals.
- Staffing: Recruiting and training the staff needed for various posts.
- Directing: Providing direction and orders to the various departments.
- Coordinating: Facilitating better interaction between various departments by inter-relating, various parts of the work and thus eliminating overlapping and conflict in different activities.
- Reporting: Reporting by officials to senior officers as to what is going on, through research, documentation and investigation.
- Budgeting: Planning, accounting and control of all activities relating to financial management.
Question 11.
What is recruitment?
Answer:
Recruitment is the process through which suitable candidates are induced to compete for appointment to the civil services.
Question 12.
What is the importance of recruitment?
Answer:
An efficient administration is based on an efficient recruitment process. If an efficient, honest and eligible person is selected for civil services, the person delivers good public service through his creativity, intelligence and positive behaviour. If the recruitment process is more scientific and efficient, public administration becomes more efficient by having efficient civil servants.
Question 13.
State the methods of recruitment.
Answer:
The two methods of recruitment are:
- Direct recruitment or external recruitment and
- Internal recruitment or recruitment by promotion.
Question 14.
What is direct recruitment?
Answer:
Recruiting eligible candidates through competitive examinations in a fixed pattern is called direct recruitment.
Question 15.
What is indirect recruitment?
Answer:
Selecting eligible in-service personnel to fill higher positions is called indirect recruitment.
Question 16.
Explain the recruitment process.
Answer:
Recruitment is the process through which suitable candidates are induced to compete for appointment to the civil services. An efficient administration is based on an efficient recruitment process. If the recruitment process is more scientific and efficient, public administration becomes more efficient by having efficient civil servants.
Recruitment may be direct (external recruitment) or internal (recruitment by promotion). In direct recruitment, eligible candidates are recruited through competitive examination, while in indirect recruitment, eligible in-service personnel are selected for promotion to fill higher posts.
Question 17.
What is the importance of training?
Answer:
The efficiency of civil service personnel depends on the quality of training imparted. As the modern administrative functions are complex, the personnel need to undergo proper training to know and manage the administrative functions. Only through proper training the personnel can gain the necessary knowledge to perform their duties.
Question 18.
What are the types of training?
Answer:
Based on the method, duration, level, aim and the institution, training is divided into the following types:
- Formal and informal training
- Pre-service and post-beginning of service training
- Short-term and long-term training
- Departmental and central institute training
- Skill training and background training.
Question 19.
What is formal training?
Answer:
Formal training is the pre-planned training that is received by the employee under the supervision of experts.
Question 20.
What is informat training?
Answer:
Informal training refers to the training imparted to an employee during day-to-day execution of duties.
Question 21.
Differentiate between pre-service and post-beginning service training.
Answer:
Pre-service training is imparted to prepare future employees for the civil services. Post-beginning of service training is provided to those who have been selected to specific posts. It aims at imparting better skills and efficiency.
Question 22.
What is departmental training? Give an example.
Answer:
The training provided by a specific department to the candidates selected by it is called departmental training. Example, police personnel training.
Question 23.
Distinguish between skill training and background training.
Answer:
Training that aims at increasing the skills of the personnel is called skill training. Example, the compulsory B.Ed. training for high school teachers. Training that aims at providing general awareness is called background training. Example, training provided by Mysuru’s Administrative Training Institute.
Question 24.
Explain the structure of Union Public Service Commission.
Answer:
The Union Public Service Commission has been formed according to Article 315 of the Constitution for selecting and recruiting candidates for the central services. The chairman and members are appointed by the President. One-half of the members of the Commission should have held office for at least ten years in government services.
A member holds office for six years or till he attains the age of sixty-five, whichever is earlier. The President has the power to dismiss the chairman or any of the members on grounds of misconduct.
Question 25.
List the functions of the Union Public Service Commission.
Answer:
- Conducting exams for the recruitment of Group A and Group B officers of the central government.
- Conducting interviews for direct recruitment.
- Advising the central government on issues relating to promotion and transfer.
- Advising the government on initiation of disciplinary action against erring government employees.
- Advising the government on issues on the direction of the President.
Question 26.
List some of the exams conducted by the Union Public Service Commission.
Answer:
The UPSC conducts exams for civil services, technical services, forest services and defence services at the national level. The important civil service exams for which recruitment is done by the UPSC are IAS, IPS, IFS, IRS and IAAS.
Question 27.
Explain the structure of the Karnataka Public Service Commission.
Answer:
The Karnataka Public Service Commission is formed at the state level for selection and recruitment of candidates for services in the state government. The Commission has a chairman and nine members who are appointed by the Governor. A member holds office for six years or till he attains the age of sixty-two, whichever is earlier.
Question 28.
List the functions of the Karnataka Public Service Commission.
Answer:
- Appointing gazetted and non-gazetted officers of the state government through written exams and interview.
- Conducting interviews for direct recruitment of candidates.
- Conducting departmental exams for state government employees.
- Advising the state government on initiating disciplinary measures against erring officials.
- Coordinating various exams conducted by the Union Public Service Commission in the state.
Question 29.
Write a note on the Central Secretariat.
Answer:
The Central Secretariat is a mix of various ministries and departments. The main responsibility of the Secretariat is to aid the ministers, who are the political heads, in running the administration. The Chief Secretary is the administrative head and the Prime Minister is the political head of the Central Secretariat.
Question 30.
Explain the structure of the Central Secretariat
OR
How is the Central Secretariat formed?
Answer:
The Central Secretariat is a mix of various ministries and departments. Each cabinet minister will have an independent ministry. If their portfolio is bigger, there would be a state minister and a deputy minister to assist them.
One portfolio may have more than one department. For example, though Home, Agriculture, Defence, Finance are independent departments, they can group under one secretary.
Question 31.
Explain the role and functions of the Central Secretariat.
Answer:
- The Central Secretariat aids the government in fulfilling its aims. It advises the minister in framing policies.
- The Secretariat aids the minister in performing his legislative duties.
- It frames the regulations of administration.
- It prepares the budget coordinating with the finance department.
- It works as the bridge between the central and state governments.
Question 32.
Write a note on the State Secretariat.
Answer:
The State Secretariat functions as the nerve-centre of the state government. The secretariat includes the departments of the state government. Ministers are the political heads of these departments, and the principal secretaries are the administrative heads of the departments.
The Chief Secretary is the administrative head of the state secretariat. The secretaries, who are usually from the IAS cadre, head one or two departments.
Question 33.
Explain the structure of the State Secretariat.
Answer:
The State Secretariat functions as the nerve-centre of the state government. The Chief Secretary is the administrative head of the state secretariat. The secretariat includes the departments of the state government. Ministers are the political heads of these departments. Every department will have a Secretary to advise the minister on administrative issues.
The Principal Secretaries are the administrative heads of the departments. The office of the Principal Secretary is divided into many divisions. Every division functions under the direction of a Section Officer whose duty is to verify the papers and files of his division and submit them to the personnel concerned.
Every division will have stenographers, first division assistants, second division assistants and other officials. There are also many officials who are appointed for specific duration.
Question 34.
Explain the role and functions of the State Secretariat.
Answer:
- The State Secretariat is the apex body of the state government and administration. It aids in policy-making on all issues related to the state.
- It functions as the expert advisory committee to the state government.
- It facilitates coordination among the various departments and consolidates the various policies and programmes of the government.
- It advises the minister in formulating drafts of bills and supports in the formulation of rules and regulations related to financial discipline.
- It prepares the budget and controls public spending.
- It is the centre of political and administrative functions of the state.
Question 35.
Who is responsible for the maintenance of law and order in the country?
Answer:
It is the duty of the state governments to maintain law and order in their respective states.
Question 36.
What is the role of the state in the maintenance of law and order?
Answer:
It is the duty of the state governments to maintain law and order in their respective states. In order to fulfil this duty, state governments have a trained police force that functions under the Home Ministry. The police force plays a major role in maintaining law and order in the state.
Question 37.
Explain the role of the central government in the maintenance of law and order.
Answer:
Though the state governments are responsible for the maintenance of law and order, the central government has the constitutional right to advise the state governments on issues pertaining to law and order. As per Article 355, the central government has to protect the states from external aggression.
As per Article 356, whenever there is a breakdown of constitutional machinery or failure of law and order in any state, the central government has to enforce emergency or presidential rule in the state.
The central government provides the framework for the maintenance of law and order, provides skilled personnel and advise to the state governments. The home ministry of the central government has paramilitary forces under its command to maintain law and order in the country.
Question 38.
Name the paramilitary forces that help the central government in the maintenance of law and order.
Answer:
- Central Armed Reserve Force (CRPF)
- Border Security Force (BSF)
- Railway Protection Force (RPF)
- Central Industrial Security Force (CISF).
Question 39.
Write short notes on:
- CRPF
- BSF
- RPF
- CISF.
Answer:
1. Central Armed Reserve Force (CRPF):
It is a paramilitary force under the command of the central government. Its functions include maintenance of law and order, tackling rebellions and providing relief during natural calamities.
2. Border Security Force (BSF):
It is a paramilitary force under the command of the central government. It is formed to control criminal and illegal activities in the border areas. Policing the border, and providing safety and security to the people living in border areas are the main functions of BSF.
3. Railway Protection Force (RPF):
It is a paramilitary force under the command of the central government. It protects the property of railways and monitors illegal activities in trains.
4. Central Industrial Security Force (CISF):
It is a paramilitary force under the command of the central government. It provides protection to large industries of the central government. Its services are also utilised for the protection of airports.
Question 40.
Explain the role and structure of State Police.
Answer:
The primary role of the state governments is to ensure law and order in the state. In order to fulfil this duty, state governments have a police department under the Home Ministry. The Home Minister has the responsibility , of the police force. The Home Ministry is headed by a Home Secretary who aids the Home Minister in the day-to-day administration.
The Director General of Police (DGP) is the head of the police department. Whije the Additional Director General of Police (ADGP) and the Deputy Inspector General of Police are the divisional heads, the Superintendent of Police (SP) is the head of the district police administration, followed by Deputy Superintendent of Police (Divisional Head), Circle Police Inspector (Circle Head), Police Sub-inspector, Assistant Sub-inspector of Police, Head Constable and Police Constable.
Multiple Choice Questions
Question 1.
The ‘Father of Public Administration’ is
(A) Alexander Hamilton
(B) Woodrow Wilson
(C) Winston Churchill
(D) Luther Gulick
Answer:
(B) Woodrow Wilson
Question 2.
Which one of the following is not a POSDCORB function?
(A) Coordinating
(B) Reporting
(C) Directing
(D) Recruiting
Answer:
(D) Recruiting
Question 3.
The President appoints the chairman and members of
(A) Union Public Service Commission
(B) Joint Public Service Commission
(C) Both A and B
(D) State Public Service Commission
Answer:
(C) Both A and B
Question 4.
The Karnataka Public Service Commission has _________ members.
(A) 10
(B) 9
(C) 7
(D) 8
Answer:
(B) 9
Question 5.
The portfolios of ministers of state government are allotted by the
(A) Chief Minister
(B) Governor
(C) Chief Secretary
(D) Principal Secretary
Answer:
(A) Chief Minister
Question 6.
Maintenance of law and order is the responsibility of
(A) Central government
(B) Public Service Commission
(C) Governor
(D) State government
Answer:
(D) State government
Question 7.
Which of the following is not a paramilitary force for maintenance of law and order in the country?
(A) CRPF
(B) BSF
(C) Territorial Army
(D) CISF
Answer:
(C) Territorial Army
Question 8.
The police department comes under
(A) Defence Ministry
(B) Home Ministry
(C) Law and Order Ministry
(D) Paramilitary forces
Answer:
(B) Home Ministry
Question 9.
The Head of the Police Department is
(A) Director General of Police
(B) Superintendent of Police
(C) Circle Police Inspector
(D) Assistant Sub-Inspector of Police
Answer:
(A) Director General of Police
Fill In The Blanks
- The father of Public Administration is Woodrow Wilson
- The term ‘Public Administration’ was used for the first time by Alexander Hamilton
- The members of the Union Public Service Commission are appointed by President
- Article 315 of the Constitution discusses the State Public Service Commission.
- The Head of the State Secretariat is Chief Secretary
- Luther Gulick explained the scope of Public Administration through the word POSDCORB
- Internal recruitment is also called recruitment by promotion
- The efficiency of the civil service personnel depends on the quality of training
- Lai Bahadur Shastri National Administrative Institute is in Missouri
- The tenure of the members of Public Service Commission is six years.
- The members of the State Public Service Commission are appointed by Governor
- Safety and security of people living in the border areas is the function of Border Security Force
- The police force comes under the Home ministry.