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Karnataka State Syllabus Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 11 Indian Natural Disasters
Class 10 Social Science Indian Natural Disasters Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers
I. Fill In The Blanks With Suitable Answers:
Question 1.
The most destructive atmospheric disaster is
Answer:
Tropical cyclones.
Question 2.
In India, the eastern coast is more prone to
Answer:
Cyclones.
Question 3.
In peninsular India occur occasionally.
Answer:
Floods.
Question 4.
In India occur very’ often in hilly states.
Answer:
Land Slides.
Question 5.
Coastal erosion is mostly caused by action.
Answer:
Sea waves.
II. Discuss In Groups And Answer The Following.
Question 1.
What are natural disasters? Give examples.
Answer:
The natural hazards which create wide spread destruction are known as natural disasters. Natural disasters can be geological hazards. Example: Earthquakes, floods, tsunamis, drought, cyclones, coastal erosion.
Question 2.
What are floods? Mention the natural causes of floods.
Answer:
Floods are caused by both natural and man made factors.
Natural catises for floods: The natural factors include heavy rainfall, melting of snow, tropical cyclone cloud burst, blockage of the free flow of river water and silting river beds etc.
Question 3.
What is a cyclone? Mention their major effects.
Answer:
In a cyclone, the wind blows spirally inwards towards the center of low pressure.
Effects of cyclones:
- Tropical cyclones are very destructive to causes loss of life and property.
- Damage to buildings, transports and communication system.
- Disrupt power supply
- Destroy crops vegetation, animals, etc.
Question 4.
Explain the causes and effects of landslides.
Answer:
Causes of landslides: Both natural and human-induced forces cause landslides.
Effects: Landslides are destructive natural disasters. Major effects are blocking of roads, railway lines, hurrying of human settlements and vegetation, loss of life and property etc. Roads blocking is a very common problem.
Question 5.
Write about the causes and distribution of coastal erosion in India.
Answer:
Causes of coastal erosion.
- Monsoon winds.
- Tropical cyclones.
- Tsunamis.
Distribution of coastal erosion.
- The southwest monsoon: During this season the of Gujarat. Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamilnadu.
- Tropical cyclones: During the North-East Monsoon season over the Bay of Bengal. They cause serious coastal erosion along the east coast of India including the coastal areas of Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, and Odisha.
- Tsunamis: The coastal erosion occurs due to tsunamis in India. Andaman -Nicobar Islands and east coast of India.
Question 6.
Mention the precautionary measures to be taken to reduce the effects of earthquakes.
Answer:
Precautionary measures are:
- Avoid human settlements in the earthquake-prone zones.
- Follow earthquake-resistant designs for the construction of buildings.
- Use building materials of high quality and avoid high rise buildings.
- Restrict the over groundwater mining.
- Restrict urban growth in the hilly areas with high seismic vulnerability.
- Avoid the construction of large darns and reservoirs.
- Stop deforestation and heavy quarrying activities.
Class 10 Social Science Indian Natural Disasters Additional Questions and Answers
I. Multiple Choice Questions:
1. Blocking of roads, railway lines, hurrying of human settlements and vegetation can cause
a) Land erosion
b) Landslides
c) Scarcity of rain
d) Deforestation
Answer:
b) Landslides.
Question 2.
Which one of the follow ing is an earthquake-prone area?
a) East coast
b) South India
c) Eastern zone
d) The Himalayan zone
Answer:
d) The Himalayan zone.
Question 3.
The human activity which can cause a landslide
a) Borewells
b) Construction of Buildings
c) Mining
d) Irrigation
Answer:
c) Mining.
Question 4.
Cyclones occur over Bay of Bengal during the period of May – June and
a) October – November
b) August – September
c) August – October
d) July – August
Answer:
a) October – November.
Question 5.
In Uttar Pradesh, the tributaries of cause floods on a regular basis.
a) Gandak
b) Ganga
c)Brahmaputra
d) Indus
Answer:
b) Ganga.
Question 6.
Cyclones, floods, landslide, etc are
a) Divine reprisals
b) Natural disasters
c) Effects of environmental pollution
d) Man made miseries
Answer:
b) Natural disasters
Question 7.
The Brahmaputra and its tributaries cause floods in
a) Assam
b) West Bengal
c) Sikkim
d) Bihar
Answer:
a) Assam.
Question 8.
The most ideal conditions for the origin and development of tropical cyclones
a) High temperature
b) Cam Air
c) Highly saturated air
d) All the above points
Answer:
d) All the above points
Question 9.
These trees can be grown along the coastline to check the impact of cyclonic winds
a) Coastal forests
b) Mangrove forests
c) Monsoon forests
d) Mountain forests
Answer:
b) Mangrove forests
Question 10.
It is man-made factor used to floods
a) Heavy Rainfall
b) Melting of snow
c) Deforestation
d) Tropical cyclones
Answer:
c) Deforestation
Question 11.
Narmada and Tapi river basins are facing this natural disaster
a) Floods
b) Cyclones
c) Landslides
d) Coastal Erosion
Answer:
a) Floods
Question 12.
These natural forces are caused to landslides
a) Mining
b) Earthquakes
c) Deforestation
d) Railway lines
Answer:
Earthquakes
Question 13.
Slope reduction, prevention of rockfalls along highways there are preventive measures of
a) Cyclones
b) Floods
c) Landslides
d) Coastal Erosion
Answer:
c) Landslides
Question 14.
The main causes of Coastal erosion
a) The southwest monsoon
b) Tropical cyclone
c) Tsunami’s
d) All the above
Answer:
d) All the above
II. Two Marks Questions
Question 1.
Which are the main reasons for cyclones?
Answer:
The most ideal conditions for the origin and development of Tropical cyclones are
- High temperature.
- Calm air and
- Highly saturated air.
Question 2.
Mention the types of cyclones.
Answer:
- Tropical cyclones occur mainly in India during the North-East Monsoon season.
- October and November are known for severe cyclones.
- Few cyclones occur in the month of May and June.
Question 3.
Which are the preventive measures of cyclones?
Answer:
- Cyclones are natural phenomena. We cannot prevent them.
- People can pay heed to the warnings.
- They should keep in touch with radio, television and other communicative lines.
- Temporary shelters should be provided during cyclones.
- Cyclone’s proof structures can be constructed.
- Mangrove forests and other deep-rooted trees can be grown along the coastline to check the impact of cyclone winds.
Question 4.
What are the effects of Floods?
Answer:
- Floods causes loss of life and property.
- Damage to crops, vegetation, etc.
- Breakdown of communication and power system.
- Dislocation of transport system.
- Soil erosion, disruption of essential services, etc.
Question 5.
Which are the preventive measures of landslides?
Answer:
- Slope reduction, prevention of rock falls along highways and other slope.
- Avoiding of mining and quarrying activities near steep slopes and human settlement and buildings.
- There should be massive reforestation, etc steps to reduce the occurrence of landslides.
Question 6.
Which are the flood control measures?
Answer:
- Afforestation in the catchment area which helps in the reduction of run off.
- Construction of dams across the rivers and storing of water in reservoirs. It just reduces the volume of water and helps to provide water for irrigation, etc.
- Construction of embankments for protection against inundation of the inhabited areas and agricultural lands.
- Flood forecasting and early warnings. This is essential for taking timely action to prevent loss of human life, livestock and property.
Question 7.
Write the effects of coastal erosion.
Answer:
Coastal erosion is one of the natural disasters.
- Coastal areas including trees and building can be washed away.
- The roads, railways, bridges, etc along the coast can be damaged.
- Coastal areas can remain flooded over a long period of time requiring resettlement of people.
Question 8.
Which are the preventive measures of coastal erosion?
Answer:
- Constructing Sea walls. Groins and Breakwaters to protect the coastal areas from wave erosion.
- Restrict sand mining in coastal areas.
- Planting of trees to stabilize the beaches and coastal dunes.
Question 9.
Which are the causes for Earthquakes?
Answer:
- Earthquake occur due to several causes such as plate movements.
- Volcanic eruption.
- Faulting and folding.
- Landslides.
- Collapse of underground cave roofs.
- Hydrostatic pressure of man made water bodies like reservoirs, etc.
- In India most of the earthquakes that have occurred earlier were due to plate movement.
Question 10.
What arc the effects of earthquakes?
Answer:
- The disasters effects of earthquakes are cracking of ground surface.
- Damage and destruction of buildings.
- Rails, roads, power lines, telecom lines, bridges, dams, factories, loss of human and animal lives and property.
- The other effects are fires, landslides, disturbance in ground water level.
- Blockage and diversion of river course, destruction of forests due to fires, etc.
Question 11.
Which are the three major earthquake zones of India?
Answer:
There are three major earthquake zones in India.
- The Himalayan Zone.
- The Indo – Gangetic zone.
- The Peninsular zone.
III. Draw A Neat Outline Map Of India And Locate The Cyclone And Earthquake Regions
