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Karnataka State Syllabus Class 7 Social Science Geography Chapter 25 Australia – The Flattest Continent
Class 7 Social Science South America – Land of Andes Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers
I. Answer the following questions:
Question 1.
Australia is known as the flattest continent. Why?
Answer:
Out of the total land surface in Australia, 94% is less than 600 mts above sea level, comprising of flat low land there for it is known as the Flattest continent.
Question 2.
Explain the location and extent of Australia.
Answer:
Location: Australia is located in the southeastern hemispheres. It lies between 10°.45’s and 43°.39’ south latitude and 113°.9’E and 153°. 39’ East longitudes. The tropic of Capricorn passes approximately through the central part of the continent.
Extent: Australia is the smallest continent. The total area of the confidence including the Island of Tasmania is 76.82 lakh km. It is double the size of India and a little smaller than the USA. The continent is 3,940 km from north to south and 4,350 km from west to east. Its coastal line is 19,310 km long.
Question 3.
What are the major physical divisions of Australia?
Answer:
On the basis of topography, Australia can be divided into three physical divisions. They are as follows:
- The Eastern Highlands
- The Plateau Lowlands
- The Western plateau.
Question 4.
Write a note on the river systems of Australia.
Answer:
Most of the rivers of Australia are short and flow into the lakes and they are more than the rivers which flow into the sea. Murray is the most important river in Australia. The Darling, Lachlan, and Murrumbidgee are its main tributaries. The east-flowing rivers are short and swift. The Hunter the east Fitzroy, Belyando, Olitechel, Gilbert, Flinders, Cooper creek, Diamantina, Macumba are some of the important rivers of Australia.
Question 5.
What are the main crops in Australia?
Answer:
A variety of crops are grown in the continent i.e, wheat, sugarcane, cotton, maize, tobacco etc., A variety of fruits and vegetables are also grown here.
Question 6.
Which are the important minerals of Australia?
Answer:
The important minerals are iron ore, bauxite lead, zinc, copper, nickel, tin and uranium, coal, petroleum and natural gas are also found here.
Question 7.
Mention the important industries of Australia.
Answer:
The major industries of Australia are as following: Iron and steel industry, automobile industry, shipbuilding, electrical machinery, textiles, paper, paperboard and pulp industries, and oil refining.
Question 8.
Mention the products exported from Australia.
Answer:
Australia exports about 70% of its total production of wheat Australia is the leading producer and exporter of wool in the world. Beef cattle are also exported. Australia is an important exporter of iron. It is mainly exported to Japan. Australia is rich in bauxite and is the world’s largest producer of bauxite. It exports uranium ore.
Question 9.
The density of the population in Australia is low. Why?
Answer:
Nearly 80% of the continent covered by desert and semi-desert. So it has the lowest density of population. Only three persons are living per square kilometre. The general pattern of population distribution is a remarkable reflection of geographical influence.
Question 10.
Mention the grasslands found in Australia.
Answer:
There are two types of grasslands in Australia. They are :
- Tropical grasslands Savannah and
- Temperate grasslands Downs.